Patient Basics: Age Spots (Solar Lentigo, Liver Spots)

Originally published by Harvard Health.

What Is It?

As you age, years of being in the sun start to add up. Age spots (also called liver spots or solar lentigo) are collections of pigment caused by exposure to the sun. Pigment is deposited as a response to injury, just like a scar is a response to a cut. The pigment collects in areas injured because of thin skin or greater sun exposure. Age spots also can be caused by bruising that leaves blood pigment behind. They are most common in people older than 55. The spots commonly appear on the hands, but they can be almost anywhere, especially sun-exposed areas, such as the face, back, arms, feet and shoulders.

Symptoms

The only symptom is the appearance of darkened spots on the skin. They do not itch and are not painful.

Diagnosis

You can diagnose age spots yourself by their appearance. If you are concerned about changes in your skin, contact your doctor. He or she can do tests to rule out other diseases.

Expected Duration

Most age spots fade over time but probably will not disappear because the skin has been damaged.

The development of age spots is a similar process to scar formation in that scars are often heaped up when they form and soften as they “remodel” over time.

Prevention

By limiting your sun exposure, you can decrease the possibility of age spots. Sun exposure before the age of 20 is the major factor that determines how your skin will look in later life. If you already have age spots, limiting your exposure to the sun can help prevent them from enlarging or darkening.

To protect your skin from the sun, wear long-sleeved shirts, pants and a hat. Use sunscreen if you will be outside for more than a few minutes. Avoid being in the sun during midday (10 a.m. to 3 p.m.), when the sun’s rays are the most intense.

Treatment

Age spots do not need to be treated. If you want cosmetic therapy, a dermatologist may be able to prescribe medication to lighten the spots or offer some other form of therapy.

When To Call a Professional

If you are concerned about changes in your skin, contact your doctor. He or she can rule out cancer or other underlying medical conditions.

Prognosis

Age spots are not harmful.

Additional Info

American Academy of Dermatology
P.O. Box 4014
Schaumburg, IL 60168-4014
Phone: 847-330-0230
Toll-Free: 1-888-462-3376
Fax: 847-240-1859
http://www.aad.org/