Tag: bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis occurs with the viral infection of the lower respiratory tract, carrying with it a significant health burden among young children. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2014 clinical practice guidelines, routine radiography in the evaluation of infants with bronchiolitis is not recommended, leading to unnecessary radiation...

1. Less than 75% of study infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis received the current recommended treatment, evidence-based supportive therapies (EBST), with significant variation between site of hospitalization. 2. Infants with apnea and dehydration more likely to received EBST, while those with chest retractions and dehydration were more likely to receive...

1. Boys, infants <1 year of age, and children with chronic conditions were found to be more likely to be readmitted within 30 days following hospitalization for lower respiratory infections (LRIs). 2. Readmissions following LRI hospitalization varied widely among hospitals, and were most likely attributed to continued LRI, asthma, or...

1. No significant difference in length of stay (LOS), adverse events, or readmission was appreciated among hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis who were randomized to receive either hypertonic or normal saline nebulizer treatments. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent)       Study Rundown: Bronchiolitis, the most frequent reason for infant hospital admission, is a respiratory...

1. The use of hypertonic saline (HS) in bronchiolitis was associated with lower risk of hospital admission, shorter length of stay (LOS), and improved clinical severity scores. 2. The use of HS appears to be safe, with very few minor adverse events and no life-threatening events being reported. Evidence Rating Level:...

1. A new American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Clinical Practice Guideline has been released for the diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis. 2. These guidelines include an updated recommendation against albuterol (or salbutamol) for infants with bronchiolitis. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: The AAP released a new Clinical Practice Guideline for...

In this section, we highlight the key high-impact studies, updates, and analyses published in medicine during the past week. Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Culture Conversion with Bedaquiline The incidence of tuberculosis in 2012 was estimated at 8.6 million according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis remains a challenge worldwide....

1. Among infants with mild to moderate bronchiolitis presenting to the emergency department (ED), artificially elevating pulse oximetry readings reduced hospitalizations significantly compared to infants with unaltered pulse oximetry readings.  2. The length of ED stay, supplemental oxygen use in the ED, physician level of agreement with discharge from ED...

Image: PD 1. Age, prematurity, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation at initial presentation, in addition to history of wheezing/bronchiolitis, were not predictors for hospital admission in pediatric patients being treated with home oxygen for bronchiolitis. 2. Fever at initial presentation was associated with a higher rate of admission, but its low...

Image: PD 1. Implementation of an institution-specific clinical practice guideline for patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis showed reduction in usage of bronchodilators, steroids, and chest radiographs. No changes in antibiotic use were seen. 2. Average length of stay for bronchiolitis patients decreased, though readmission rates remained similar before and after guideline implementation. Evidence...