Tag: preterm

1. COVID-19 infection during pregnancy was associated with consistent and substantial increases in severe maternal morbidity and mortality and neonatal complications compared to non-infected pregnancies, especially in symptomatic individuals presenting or those with co-morbidities. 2. Women with COVID-19 were at increased risk of severe pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, intensive care...

1. Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy regimens effectively suppressed maternal viral load during pregnancy, supporting their use to prevent vertical transmission. 2. Dolutegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate carried relatively low risk of adverse fetal outcomes. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for pregnant women infected with HIV-1 is important for...

1. Daily enteral water-soluble vitamin A in extremely preterm infants did not significantly reduce the severity of BPD compared to patients that received placebo. 2. Infants who received daily enteral water-soluble vitamin A demonstrated significantly higher plasma levels of retinol when compared to patients who received placebo. Evidence Rating Level: 1...

1. Rate of treatment failure within 7 days of extubation was higher in patients that received post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), as compared to those that received nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). 2. Histologic chorioamnionitis, treated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and younger...

1. Rate of treatment failure within 7 days of extubation was higher in patients that received post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), as compared to those that received nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). 2. Histologic chorioamnionitis, treated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and younger...

1. COVID-19 infection in late pregnancy was associated with adverse birth outcomes, such as cesarean section delivery and iatrogenic preterm birth. 2. Limited evidence was found for maternal-fetal vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Evidence Rating Level: 3 (Average) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing concern in the healthcare sector. However, little is...

1. The intubation-recruitment-surfactant administration-extubation procedure reduced the need for invasive ventilation in extremely preterm neonates compared to those not receiving lung recruitment. 2. There were no adverse effect on safety outcomes including in-hospital mortality, pneumothorax and intraventricular hemorrhage. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Early surfactant administration is the most...

Surgery for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children The role of surgery in cases of drug-resistant recalcitrant epilepsy in children and adolescents is currently unclear.  In this randomized control trial, 116 patients age 18 years or younger were randomized to receive neurosurgery and medical therapy or medical therapy alone to determine whether...

Amiodarone, lidocaine, or placebo in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Anti-arrhythmic drugs are commonly used in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest for shock-refractory ventricular fibrillation. Previous studies have shown that patients who receive amiodarone are more likely to achieve a return of spontaneous circulation compared to those who are administered placebo or lidocaine. However,...

1. Preterm infants (gestational age <28 weeks) treated with inhaled budesonide within 24 hours of delivery had a significantly decreased incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and mortality at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. 2. The above finding was driven by a significant decrease in the rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the budesonide...