Tag: neonatology
1. Based on a large US database, 24.6% of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) were diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and 20.5% were treated, with a decrease in both diagnosis and treatment rates from 2012-2019.
2. There was significant variation in...
1. Very preterm infants with early-onset sepsis had longer hospital stays, lower rates of survival, and a significantly increased risk of morbidity compared to uninfected infants.
2. Approximately one-third of causative bacteria were not Escherichia coli or Group B Streptococcus.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown: Preterm infants are at high risk...
1. In a large nationwide Swedish cohort study, preterm and early-term births were associated with a significantly increased risk of developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in males and females.
2. The increased risk of ASD was independent of genetic and environmental factors.
Evidence level: 2 (good)
Study Rundown: ASD is prevalent in...
1. Moral distress was experienced by clinicians on 15% of survey occasions, with 91% of neonates eliciting moral distress.
2. The most common reason for moral distress was due to baby-centered reasons (83%), such as disproportionate care and illness severity.
Evidence Rating Level: 3 (Average)
Study Rundown: Moral distress may be experienced...
1. In this single center quality improvement study, the use of any volume-targeted ventilation in premature infants increased by 16%, and exclusively volume-targeted ventilation increased by 280%.
2. Increased volume-targeted ventilation did not alter infant outcomes, including mortality, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, or duration of mechanical ventilation.
Evidence Rating Level:...
1. Daily enteral water-soluble vitamin A in extremely preterm infants did not significantly reduce the severity of BPD compared to patients that received placebo.
2. Infants who received daily enteral water-soluble vitamin A demonstrated significantly higher plasma levels of retinol when compared to patients who received placebo.
Evidence Rating Level: 1...
1. Overall mortality, NEC morbidity, sepsis morbidity, time to enteral feeding, and length of hospital stay were decreased in premature infants receiving any two of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and prebiotic.
2. Use of a single probiotic was inferior to using combinations of probiotics or a probiotic plus a prebiotic.
Evidence Rating Level:...
1. Apgar scores at five and ten minutes after birth provided prognostic information for preterm infants regarding neonatal survival.
2. Lower Apgar scores for older gestational age infants were associated with increased neonatal death compared to younger gestational age infants with similar scores.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown: Preterm birth...
1. In a retrospective cohort study of almost 50 000 very low birth weight infants (VLBW), overall survival without major morbidity increased significantly between 2008 and 2017.
2. The largest improvements in major morbidity rates were seen for nosocomial infection (NI) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), while the rates of bronchopulmonary...
1. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that newborns born to mothers affected by or being tested for COVID-19 be temporarily separated from their mothers. It is also recommended that these infants be separated from newborns born to unaffected mothers in order to reduce risk of transmission.
2. The...