Tag: social determinants of health

1. In this retrospective observational study, the authors observed that residing in a disadvantaged neighborhood and being discharged from a safety-net hospital were independently associated with an increased 30-day risk of readmission. 2. There was a higher association observed between readmission risk and the hospital’s safety-net index compared to the...

1. In this retrospective cohort study reviewing data from 2006 to 2017, researchers showed very premature infants identified as African American had more rapid declines in infant mortality, hypothermia, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),and length of stay as compared to white infants, while infants identified as Hispanic had more rapid declines...

1. A systematic review found multiple studies showing that infants of color had lower access to high-quality care and were more likely to receive care in quality-challenged hospitals. The patient-to-nurse ratio was significantly higher in black-serving NICUs. 2. The review found that disparities also existed within NICUs: low birth weight...

1. In this cross sectional study, children with asthma living in dangerous neighborhoods were less likely to have asthma symptoms if they had strong family relationships. 2. Greater neighborhood danger was associated with increased asthma-related activity limitations, larger Th2 cytokine response, and less sensitivity to glucocorticoids. Evidence Rating Level: 3 (Average) Study...

African American infants from low socioeconomic backgrounds remain at an increased risk of sleep-related death. In this study, 46 African American mothers were surveyed on their infants’ sleep practices on 3 different encounters on the same day, specifically during a well-baby visit with the pediatrician, safe sleep discussion with...

1. In this retrospective observational study, the authors observed that residing in a disadvantaged neighborhood and being discharged from a safety-net hospital were independently associated with an increased 30-day risk of readmission. 2. There was a higher association observed between readmission risk and the hospital’s safety-net index compared to the...

1. In this retrospective cohort study, researchers found that children born into poverty were less likely to be ready for school, regardless of the type of poverty their family experienced. 2. In families that were able to transition out of poverty, children were significantly more likely to be prepared...

Preterm birth remains a leading cause of lifelong neurodevelopmental disability. While the effect of brain injury on neurodevelopmental disability has been studied extensively, far less is known with respect to the role of environments and experiences in moderating these associations. In this prospective cohort study, preterm neonates (24-32 weeks’...

1. State Medicaid expansion was not associated with differences in overall rates of low birth weight or preterm birth outcomes. 2. There were improvements in relative disparities for black infants compared with white infants among the states that expanded versus the states that did not. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Study Rundown:...

There are many reasons why a patient may be made inactive on the kidney transplant waiting list, including psychosocial or financial issues or medical comorbidities. This has important implications for a patient’s overall morbidity and mortality. Sensitization, as measured by calculated plasma reactive antibodies (cPRA), also affects likelihood of...