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Home All Specialties Chronic Disease

Schizophrenia linked with higher rates of violence, suicide, and early mortality

byDevin MillerandXiaozhou Liu
June 4, 2014
in Chronic Disease, Psychiatry
Reading Time: 3 mins read
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1. Within the first five years of diagnosis with schizophrenia or a related psychotic disorder, patients were at a much higher likelihood of experiencing an adverse outcome such as an episode of violence, suicide, or death.

2. Pre-diagnosis drug use disorders, criminality, and self-harm were three factors predictive of an adverse outcome in patients. 

Evidence Rating Level: 3 (Average)

Study Rundown: Individuals with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders are at an increased risk for violence, suicide, and early mortality. The risk factors associated with these increased likelihoods have not been clearly elucidated. The authors of this study set out to define the rates of adverse outcomes in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders and compared these rates with the general population and unaffected siblings. Additionally, they attempted to define risk factors, such as pre-diagnosis drug use, criminality, and self-harm, with an association to adverse outcomes in schizophrenia in order to help design clinically relevant protocols for identifying at-risk patients. Strengths of this study include the analysis of risk factors between patients and unaffected siblings and the general population, as this is the first study to date to undertake this type of comparison. Additionally, the stipulation that patients must have two episodes with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or another related psychotic disorder in order to be included in the study accommodated for the high degree of false diagnosis and change in diagnostic criteria that had occurred over the period of study. The generalizability may be limited by the fact that it was undertaken in only 1 country with a very specific racial and ethnic make-up.

The study was funded by Wellcome Trust and the Swedish Research Council.

Click to read the study, published today in the Lancet

Relevant Reading: A systematic review of mortality in schizophrenia: is the differential mortality gap worsening over time?

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In-Depth [case-control]: This study included 24,297 individuals from five linked Swedish population registers with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or another related disorder made between January, 1972 and December, 2009. Subjects were compared with sex and age matched individuals from either the general population or siblings without a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Within this group the mean ages of first diagnosis were 28.8 years (standard deviation, SD 7.6) in men and 29.8 years (SD 8.3) in women. Within the first 5 years after diagnosis 13.9% of men and 4.7% of women had major adverse outcomes (violence, suicide, or death). The odds ratios of any adverse outcome were 7.5 (95% confidence interval, CI, 7.2-7.9) in men and 11.1 (95% CI, 10.2-12.1) in women for patients as compared to the general population. The adjusted odds ratio was 8.1 (95% CI, 7.6-8.6) for premature death. The adjusted odds ratio was 20.7 (95% CI 18.8-22.9) for suicide. The adjusted odds ratio was 7.4 (95% CI, 7.1-7.8) for violent offences.

More from this author: Overall improvement in management of high blood pressure between 1994 and 2011;Link between early life antibiotic use, asthma exacerbations, and impaired viral immunity;Structural and neurobiological foundations of suicide, a review;Buccal administration of dextrose gel effective in treatment of neonatal hypoglycemia; Racial backgrounds key to shaping the face of smoking-related mortality in South Africa

©2012-2014 2minutemedicine.com. All rights reserved. No works may be reproduced without expressed written consent from 2minutemedicine.com. Disclaimer: We present factual information directly from peer reviewed medical journals. No post should be construed as medical advice and is not intended as such by the authors, editors, staff or by 2minutemedicine.com. PLEASE SEE A HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IN YOUR AREA IF YOU SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE OF ANY SORT. 

 

Tags: schizophreniaviolence
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