Tag: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
1. Individuals infected with HIV-1 who were randomized to receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) at trial enrollment had a 97% and 93% lower risk of transmitting the virus compared to those who were randomized to receive ART on a delayed basis (when CD4+ count fell below 25 or when there...
1. This prospective study found no instances of HIV transmission among serodiscordant couples engaging in condomless sexual intercourse when the HIV-infected partner was taking antiretroviral therapy and maintaining a viral load below 200 copies/mL.
2. The calculated upper limit of HIV transmission risk in these couples is 0.3 per 100...
1. In HIV-infected individuals, a modified hepatitis B vaccination regimen which consisted of a higher dose compared to the standard regimen led to an increased proportion of patients with positive titers and a greater duration of response.
2. Predictors of positive long-term vaccination response included high level initial response, greater...
1. From this small randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled trial, two novel adenovirus-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccinations were safe, well-tolerated, and immunogenic.
2. Anti-HIV antibody responses were observed when participants received the same vaccine as a priming dose and booster, or when patients received first one and then the other...
1. For patients who received pre-exposure prophylaxis delivered through sexual health clinics in the United States, the adherence rate was 80.0% to 85.6%, and HIV incidence was low.
2. Improved adherence was associated with patients who had stable housing, reported more at-risk sexual activities, and those who had better initial...
1. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative men and transgender women who have sex with men, preexposure prophylaxis with antiretrovirals significantly reduced the risk of HIV infection when compared with placebo.
2. There were similar rates of serious adverse events in both groups, though patients taking antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis were significantly...
1. From a cohort study, HIV-infected people had significantly increased incidence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), lung cancer, anal cancer and liver cancer.
2. Over the course of the study from 1996-2009, HIV-infected individuals experienced decreasing crude mortality rate and increasing CD4+ cell counts.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study...