Tag: prostate cancer

Effect of Exercise Intervention on Functional Decline in Very Elderly Patients During Acute Hospitalization: A Randomized Clinical Trial After acute hospitalization, elderly patients are often unable to recover to their preadmission functional status. This single-center randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of an exercise intervention initiated during hospitalization...

1. Prostate cancer patients with a rapidly risking prostate-specific antigen (PSA) despite chemical or physical castration had lower rates of metastasis when treated with enzalutamide compared to those in a placebo group. 2. No difference in overall survival was observed between the treatment and placebo groups at a median follow-up...

Effect of Opioid vs. Nonopioid Medications on Pain-Related Function in Patients with Chronic Back Pain or Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis Pain: The SPACE Randomized Clinical Trial Though there is limited evidence, opioids are often utilized in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain. This randomized clinical trial, conducted over 12 months,...

1. In this randomized controlled trial, men who were screened with a single PSA test had higher diagnoses of prostate cancer than those who were unscreened. 2. There was no difference in mortality between the two groups. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: In the era of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening,...

1. After accounting for differences in surveillance protocols and treatments, researchers found that estimates of risk for biopsy Gleason score (GS) upgrade were not the same across all 4 cohorts studied. 2. However, even with these differences, the outcomes of biannual versus annual biopsies appeared to be similar across cohorts. Evidence...

Tiotropium in Early-Stage Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become increasingly prevalent with broad morbidity. In the early stages of COPD, defined as GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) stages 1 and 2, many patients exhibit very mild or no apparent respiratory symptoms. Tiotropium...

1. PSA screening was associated with a reduction in risk for death from prostate cancer. 2. No differences in the effects of PSA screening were found between the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). Evidence Rating Level:...

1. Bisphosphonates and denosumab increased bone mineral density (BMD) in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for nonmetastatic prostate cancer, with denosumab also showing some evidence of vertebral fracture reduction. 2. Three trials for lifestyle intervention showed no statistically significant difference in BMD compared to exercise and standard care. Evidence Rating...

1. Men treated with abiraterone, prednisolone, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) (combined therapy) demonstrated a significantly increased overall survival in comparison to those treated with ADT alone. 2. Men treated with combined therapy demonstrated a significantly increased treatment failure-free survival in comparison to those treated with ADT alone. Evidence Rating Level: 1...

  Intra-articular corticosteroids versus intra-articular corticosteroids plus methotrexate in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label trial Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous disease and a major cause of acquired disability. It is sub-classified on the basis of clinical and laboratory features presenting in the first 6 months...