• About
  • Masthead
  • License Content
  • Advertise
  • Submit Press Release
  • RSS/Email List
  • Write for us
  • Contact us
2 Minute Medicine
No Result
View All Result

No products in the cart.

SUBSCRIBE
  • Specialties
    • Cardiology
    • Chronic Disease
    • Dermatology
    • Emergency
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Imaging and Intervention
    • Infectious Disease
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Oncology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Preclinical
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Surgery
  • Wellness
  • Classics™
    • 2MM+ Online Access
    • Paperback and Ebook
  • Rewinds
  • Visual
  • Partners
    • License Content
    • Submit Press Release
    • Advertise with Us
  • AccountLog-in/out
    • Subscribe
    • Sign-in
    • My account
2 Minute Medicine
  • Specialties
    • Cardiology
    • Chronic Disease
    • Dermatology
    • Emergency
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Imaging and Intervention
    • Infectious Disease
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Oncology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Preclinical
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Surgery
  • Wellness
  • Classics™
    • 2MM+ Online Access
    • Paperback and Ebook
  • Rewinds
  • Visual
  • Partners
    • License Content
    • Submit Press Release
    • Advertise with Us
  • AccountLog-in/out
    • Subscribe
    • Sign-in
    • My account
SUBSCRIBE
2 Minute Medicine
Subscribe
Home All Specialties Infectious Disease

The DETECTIVE trial: tafenoquine reduces risk of Plasmodium vivax relapse

byDayton McMillan
January 22, 2019
in Infectious Disease, Public Health
Reading Time: 3 mins read
0
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

1. After initial chloroquine treatment, P. vivax malaria infected patients treated with tafenoquine had significantly lower rates of P. vivax infection at 6 months compared to patients given placebo.

2. Mean hemoglobin levels were mildly reduced in the tafenoquine group but returned to baseline after treatment.

Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent)      

Study Rundown: P. vivax, one of the causative pathogens of malaria, can infect a substantial portion of the world population and be difficult to completely treat due to different life stages of the parasite. Generally, chloroquine is used to treat asexual parasites and a subsequent 14-day treatment with a primaquine clears hypnozoites. Due to adherence difficulties, a shorter course of treatment for hypnozoites is sought. This study evaluated clearance of P. vivax infection in patients treated with chloroquine followed by a single dose of the long acting drug tafenoquine, placebo, or a 14-day regimen of primaquine. After 6 months, patients treated with tafenoquine had a significantly lower relapse for infection rate than those treated with placebo, and had a comparable relapse rate as those in the primaquine group. Hemoglobin levels were mildly lower for a brief period after tafenoquine treatment but returned to baseline in all patients.

This study supports use of a single dose treatment for clearance of hypnozoites in P. vivax malaria infected patients. Though the study is limited in the number of patients included and subsequent hazard ratios for various outcomes were often large, results were conclusive across all subgroups assessed that tafenoquine is substantially more effective than placebo after chloroquine treatment.

Click to read the study in NEJM

Relevant Reading: Tafenoquine: a promising new antimalarial agent

RELATED REPORTS

Higher-dose primaquine has higher efficacy in preventing relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria

Chlorfenapyr insecticidal nets provide strong protection against malaria in sub-Saharan Africa

Mosquito Nets Provide Survival Benefit in Early Childhood and into Adulthood

In-Depth [randomized controlled trial]: This international, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial enrolled patients from 2014 to 2016. Patients had microscopically confirmed P. vivax infection and had normal levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity, as tafenoquine can cause hemolysis in those with low G6PD levels. All patients were given 3 days of chloroquine and then randomized in a 2:1:1 fashion to receive a single dose of tafenoquine (n=260), primaquine (n=129), or placebo (n=133). Patients were followed up until 180 days after treatment to assess for clinical and hematologic evidence of relapsed P. vivax infection. The primary outcome of recurrence-free efficacy, or having no evidence of P. vivax infection, was found in 62.4%, 69.6%, and 27.7% of the tafenoquine, primaquine, and placebo groups, respectively. The hazard ratio for risk of recurrence was 0.30 (95% CI, 0.22 to 0.40; P<0.001) for tafenoquine compared to placebo and 0.26 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.39; P<0.001) for primaquine compared to placebo. After 3 days (or the completion of the chloroquine regimen) parasite clearance occurred in over 80% of patients in all groups. Overall rates of adverse effects were similar between patients in all groups, with dizziness and decreased hemoglobin levels the most common occurrences. Declines in hemoglobin of 30% of more from baseline occurred in 5.4%, 1.6%, and 1.5% of patients in the tafenoquine, primaquine, and placebo groups, respectively. Return to baseline hemoglobin levels generally occurred by day 30 of the study.

Image: PD

©2019 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. All rights reserved. No works may be reproduced without expressed written consent from 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. Inquire about licensing here. No article should be construed as medical advice and is not intended as such by the authors or by 2 Minute Medicine, Inc

 

Tags: malariatafenoquine
Previous Post

2 Minute Medicine Rewind January 21, 2019

Next Post

HPV vaccine effective against infection and for herd immunity

RelatedReports

RTS,SA/S01 anti-malarial vaccine efficacy wanes significantly over time
Chronic Disease

Higher-dose primaquine has higher efficacy in preventing relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria

April 22, 2022
RTS,SA/S01 anti-malarial vaccine efficacy wanes significantly over time
Infectious Disease

Chlorfenapyr insecticidal nets provide strong protection against malaria in sub-Saharan Africa

April 6, 2022
Intrauterine Zika virus infection associated with significant fetal brain abnormalities
Infectious Disease

Mosquito Nets Provide Survival Benefit in Early Childhood and into Adulthood

February 8, 2022
#VisualAbstract: Tezepelumab reduced annual exacerbation rates in patients with severe asthma
StudyGraphics

#VisualAbstract: Novel malaria vaccine candidate (R21/MM) is safe and highly protective against malaria transmission in African children

June 3, 2021
Next Post
Parental immunization status associated with likelihood of vaccinating children

HPV vaccine effective against infection and for herd immunity

Low free sugar diet reduces hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescent males

Low free sugar diet reduces hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescent males

Aspirin therapy linked to fewer cases of preeclampsia

Aspirin use associated with reduction in cardiovascular events but increase in bleeding risk

License Our Award-Winning Physician-Written Medical News and Visual Abstracts

2 Minute Medicine is the leading authoritative medical news licensing service, and the only with reports written by practicing doctors.

LICENSE CONTENT

Get 2MM+ Premium Access

No ads & unlimited access to all current reports, over 9000 searchable archived reports, visual abstracts, Weekly Rewinds, and the online edition of The Classics Series™ textbook.

Subscription Options
2 Minute Medicine

2 Minute Medicine® is an award winning, physician-run, expert medical media company. Our content is curated, written and edited by practicing health professionals who have clinical and scientific expertise in their field of reporting. Our editorial management team is comprised of highly-trained MD physicians. Join numerous brands, companies, and hospitals who trust our licensed content.

Recent Reports

  • #VisualAbstract: Bimekizumab shows a favourable 2-year safety profile in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis
  • Medical cannabis provides little improvement to sleep in chronic pain patients
  • Alzheimer disease in individuals with Down syndrome has similar variability in age of onset and mortality rate as autosomal dominant forms
License Content
Terms of Use | Disclaimer
Cookie Policy
Privacy Statement (EU)
Disclaimer

© 2021 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. - Physician-written medical news.

  • Specialties
    • Cardiology
    • Chronic Disease
    • Dermatology
    • Emergency
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Imaging and Intervention
    • Infectious Disease
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Oncology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Preclinical
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Surgery
  • Wellness
  • Classics™
    • 2MM+ Online Access
    • Paperback and Ebook
  • Rewinds
  • Visual
  • Partners
    • License Content
    • Submit Press Release
    • Advertise with Us
  • Account
    • Subscribe
    • Sign-in
    • My account

© 2021 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. - Physician-written medical news.