Tag: dementia

1. In this retrospective study, nursing home patients with dementia who had a hip fracture had improved survival if they underwent surgical repair compared to non-surgical management. 2. Patients with surgical management also had reduced pain and pressure ulcers, but use of antipsychotics and physical restraints did not differ significantly. Evidence...

Trial of Solanezumab for Mild Dementia Due to Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive disease with lasting impacts on memory and other cognitive functions. Its neuropathological hallmarks include extracellular plaques containing amyloid, as well as beta and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein. At this time, there are...

1. In patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease solanezumab, an antibody designed to facilitate clearance of amyloid-beta plaques, did not significantly reduce cognitive decline over time. 2. There was no difference in overall rates of serious adverse events or death between the study and placebo arms of the trial. Evidence Rating Level:...

1. Physical activity interventions to prevent late-life dementia included aerobic exercise, resistance training, Tai Chi, and multidomain interventions. 2. There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions as to the efficacy of physical activity with respect to preventing cognitive decline and dementia. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Dementia is defined as...

1. Pharmacologic treatments had no impact on preventing late-life dementia in patients with normal cognition. 2. Adverse events were increased for several pharmacologic interventions aimed at reducing dementia risk. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Dementia is a significant clinical syndrome, which affects a large proportion of the aging population. Dementia...

1. There was inadequate evidence that any over-the-counter (OTC) supplement helped to prevent or delay decline in cognition. 2. The authors recommend further research using larger scale trials and clinically important outcomes to examine the effects of OTC supplements on cognition. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent)    Study Rundown: Concerns about cognitive decline...

1. In healthy elderly adults, cognitive training enhanced cognitive performance in the area that was trained, but there did not seem to be any effect on adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). 2. There was inadequate evidence regarding prevention of dementia or decline in cognition through cognitive training. Evidence Rating Level:...

1. In this cross-sectional study of middle-aged adults, radiologic evidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was associated with reduced total cerebral brain volume (TCBV) as measured by MRI. 2. The estimated brain aging linked with NAFLD was greater for younger patients and the association became less significant in older...

1. Functional impairment in activities of daily living (ADLs) and/or instrumental ADL (IADL), functional decline, and shifts between independence and functional impairment are all common in middle age. 2. Risk factors for functional impairment include health status, behaviors related to health, and sociodemographics. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Independent living...

Associations Between Midlife Vascular Risk Factors and 25-Year Incident Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Cohort Vascular risk factors have been implicated in the development of dementia. In this retrospective cohort study, 15,477 individuals in midlife were followed up from 1987-1989 through 2011-2013 to explore associations between midlife...