• About
  • Masthead
  • License Content
  • Advertise
  • Submit Press Release
  • RSS/Email List
  • Write for us
  • Contact us
2 Minute Medicine
No Result
View All Result

No products in the cart.

SUBSCRIBE
  • Specialties
    • Cardiology
    • Chronic Disease
    • Dermatology
    • Emergency
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Imaging and Intervention
    • Infectious Disease
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Oncology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Preclinical
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Surgery
  • The Scan
  • Wellness
  • Classics™
    • 2MM+ Online Access
    • Paperback and Ebook
  • Rewinds
  • Visual
  • Partners
    • License Content
    • Submit Press Release
    • Advertise with Us
  • AccountLog-in/out
    • Subscribe
    • Sign-in
    • My account
2 Minute Medicine
  • Specialties
    • Cardiology
    • Chronic Disease
    • Dermatology
    • Emergency
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Imaging and Intervention
    • Infectious Disease
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Oncology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Preclinical
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Surgery
  • The Scan
  • Wellness
  • Classics™
    • 2MM+ Online Access
    • Paperback and Ebook
  • Rewinds
  • Visual
  • Partners
    • License Content
    • Submit Press Release
    • Advertise with Us
  • AccountLog-in/out
    • Subscribe
    • Sign-in
    • My account
SUBSCRIBE
2 Minute Medicine
Subscribe
Home All Specialties Infectious Disease

Genetic susceptibility for severe Covid-19 symptoms with respiratory failure

byHarsh ShahandDeepti Shroff Karhade
November 3, 2020
in Infectious Disease, Public Health, Pulmonology
Reading Time: 3 mins read
0
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

1. In Italian and Spanish populations, the chromosome locus 3p21.31 was identified with associated enrichment in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) patients with respiratory failure.

2. Patients with blood group A were associated with higher risk of Covid-19 susceptibility compared to non-A blood group patients.

Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)

Study Rundown: The manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) range from mild symptoms to severe respiratory failure related to interstitial pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mortality rates are due to the subgroup of patients with severe symptoms; however, the pathogenesis of severe Covid-19 is poorly understood. As such, this study conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) to determine which host genetic factors contribute to severe symptoms with respiratory failure. The study results found an enrichment of the 3p21.31 gene cluster in patients with severe symptoms, There was also increased risk with type A blood type and a protective effect from type O blood type. The retrospective cohort study was limited by the removal of patient samples from different ethnic groups to maintain ethnic homogeneity in the study. Therefore, the study does not account for the variation in Covid-19 susceptibility based on ethnicity. Nonetheless, this study’s results are significant, and its findings highlight certain patient genetic factors associated with increased risk of developing severe Covid-19 symptoms.

Click to read the study in NEJM

Relevant Reading: Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19

In-Depth [retrospective cohort]: This retrospective cohort study recruited 1980 patients from 3 hospitals in Italy and 4 hospitals in Spain with an additional 2381 control participants from both countries. Patients included in the study were hospitalized with respiratory failure and had a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA polymerase-chain-reaction test. Respiratory failure was defined as the use of oxygen supplementation or mechanical ventilation. Patients whose samples resulted in population outliers due to different minority ethnic identification were excluded from the study. DNA extraction was performed on all samples, and genotyping occurred through the Global Screening Array (Illumina). Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) imputation on genome build GRCh38 was conducted to maximize genetic coverage. For analysis, a total of 8,965,091 SNPs were included in the Italian cohort and 9,140,716 SNPs in the Spanish cohort. The study determined allelic distribution between no mechanical ventilation compared to mechanical ventilation of any type. Through the genomewide association analysis, two loci were found to be associated with Covid-19 induced respiratory failure: GA or G variation at locus 3p21.31 (odds ratio for the GA allele, 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48 to 2.11; P=1.15×10−10) and the A or C SNP at locus 9q34.2 (odds ratio for the A allele, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.47; P=4.95×10−8). The GA variation at locus 3p21.31 was associated with reduced expression of CXCR6 and LZTFL1 has been shown to be strongly expressed in human lung cells. Furthermore, the variation at the locus was higher among patients who received mechanical ventilation compared to oxygen supplementation only (odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.26; P=3.30×10−4). The locus 9q34.2 coincided with the ABO blood group locus. The analysis determined a higher risk for severe Covid-19 symptoms was found in patients with blood group A compared to other blood groups (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.75; P=1.48×10−4). Additionally, patients with blood group O presented with a protective effect for severe symptoms compared to other blood group (odds ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.79; P=1.06×10−5). Finally, there was no significant allele association for HLA loci and severity of Covid-19 symptoms. Taken together, a GWAS analysis of patients from Italy and Spain determined risk of severe Covid-19 symptoms were associated with enrichment in the 3p21.31 loci and ABO blood group locus.

RELATED REPORTS

Unvaccinated status increases risk of long COVID symptoms

The 2 Minute Medicine Podcast Episode 6

The Scan by 2 Minute Medicine®: the Future of Medicine, Neuralink, the Spotlight on Celine Dion and COVID-19 on Social Media

Image: PD

©2020 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. All rights reserved. No works may be reproduced without expressed written consent from 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. Inquire about licensing here. No article should be construed as medical advice and is not intended as such by the authors or by 2 Minute Medicine, Inc.

Tags: blood typeCoronavirusgenome wide association study (GWAS)HLASARS-CoV-2
Previous Post

Patients with co-occurring substance use disorder and depression less likely to receive guideline-concordant treatment

Next Post

Lirentelimab may be effective for treatment of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease

RelatedReports

Medical vaccine exemptions increase after elimination of nonmedical exemptions
Infectious Disease

Unvaccinated status increases risk of long COVID symptoms

January 25, 2023
2MM Podcast

The 2 Minute Medicine Podcast Episode 6

January 13, 2023
The Scan by 2 Minute Medicine®:  Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc, Taylor Swift, NBA rookie Chet Holmgren and Magic Mushrooms!
The Scan by 2 Minute Medicine®

The Scan by 2 Minute Medicine®: the Future of Medicine, Neuralink, the Spotlight on Celine Dion and COVID-19 on Social Media

December 27, 2022
Medical vaccine exemptions increase after elimination of nonmedical exemptions
Cardiology

Slight increase of incidence of myocarditis post-mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

December 15, 2022
Next Post
Lirentelimab may be effective for treatment of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease

Lirentelimab may be effective for treatment of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease

Behavioral dysregulation in infancy predicts later child mental health

Pediatric hospitalizations decline during the COVID-19 pandemic

#VisualAbstract: Evolocumab successfully reduced LDL levels in pediatric patients

#VisualAbstract: COVID-19 infection in late pregnancy associated with adverse birth outcomes

License Our Award-Winning Physician-Written Medical News and Visual Abstracts

2 Minute Medicine is the leading authoritative medical news licensing service, and the only with reports written by practicing doctors.

LICENSE CONTENT

2MM+ Premium Access

No ads & unlimited access to all current reports, over 9000 searchable archived reports, visual abstracts, Weekly Rewinds, and the online edition of The Classics Series™ textbook.

Subscription Options
2 Minute Medicine

2 Minute Medicine® is an award winning, physician-run, expert medical media company. Our content is curated, written and edited by practicing health professionals who have clinical and scientific expertise in their field of reporting. Our editorial management team is comprised of highly-trained MD physicians. Join numerous brands, companies, and hospitals who trust our licensed content.

Recent Reports

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with worse postoperative outcomes
  • Empagliflozin use is associated with slower progression of chronic kidney disease
  • Diagnostic tool may help identify cerebral palsy regardless of encephalopathy features
License Content
Terms of Use | Disclaimer
Cookie Policy
Privacy Statement (EU)
Disclaimer

© 2021 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. - Physician-written medical news.

  • Specialties
    • Cardiology
    • Chronic Disease
    • Dermatology
    • Emergency
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Imaging and Intervention
    • Infectious Disease
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Oncology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Preclinical
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Surgery
  • The Scan
  • Wellness
  • Classics™
    • 2MM+ Online Access
    • Paperback and Ebook
  • Rewinds
  • Visual
  • Partners
    • License Content
    • Submit Press Release
    • Advertise with Us
  • Account
    • Subscribe
    • Sign-in
    • My account

© 2021 2 Minute Medicine, Inc. - Physician-written medical news.

Want more physician-written
medical news?

Join over 10 million yearly readers and numerous companies. For healthcare professionals
and the public.

Subscribe for free today!

Subscription options