Tag: ebola
Phase 2 Placebo-Controlled Trial of Two Vaccines to Prevent Ebola in Liberia
In 2014, two candidate Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccines in phase 1 testing were studied in a phase 3 trial with the aim of preventing Ebola virus disease (EVD). An additional phase 2 sub-trial was carried out as part...
1. By day 28, all recipients of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) vaccine, at each of the three doses tested, demonstrated seroconversion against an Ebola virus glycoprotein.
2. Anti-Ebola glycoprotein titers were higher in patients who received a 20 million or 100 million plaque forming unit (PFU) dose than...
A population-based study of cardiovascular mortality following early-stage breast cancer
The disease-specific survival for women treated for early-stage breast cancer (EBC) has improved substantially. However, there is overlap between risk factors for breast cancer and cardiovascular disease, and treatments for the former have been associated with adverse cardiovascular effects. In...
1. Chimpanzee adenovirus 3 (ChAd3) vaccination boosted with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) elicited superior B- and T-cell immune responses to the Zaire ebolavirus than those induced by the ChAd3 vaccine alone.
2. The safety profile for MVA was found to be acceptable.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown: Ebola virus...
1. Zaire ebolavirus-glycoprotein-specific antibody responses were detected in all participants receiving vaccination doses from 300,000 to 50 million plaque-forming units (PFU).
2. Fever was reported in 13-30% of participants receiving the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Zaire ebolavirus (rVSV-ZEBOV) vaccination.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown: In August 2014, the WHO declared...
1. Artesunate-amodiaquine (AA) treated Ebola patients had a significantly lower risk of death than artemether-lumefantrine (AL) treated patients.
2. The effect reduced mortality associated with AA treatment in comparison to AL was attenuated when the study population was stratified a positive malaria test.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown:...
1. Patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD) who received convalescent plasma transfusions had a 7% less risk of mortality than controls that did not receive convalescent plasma.
2. In this trial, the risk difference of 7% was not sufficient to deem convalescent plasma transfusions as a clinically important treatment...
1. An Ebola vaccine candidate (VSV-EBOV) conferred protection from the 2014/15 West African Ebola virus strain (EBOV-Makona) in macaques when administered as little as 3 days before virus challenge.
2. Animals vaccinated 14, 21, or 28 days before virus challenge were likely protected by antibodies specific to Ebola virus (EBOV),...
1. Interim results from an open-label cluster-randomized trial of the novel rVSV-ZEBOV Ebola virus vaccine showed 100% vaccine efficacy in preventing Ebola virus in close contacts of infected individuals. There were no cases of Ebola virus disease at 10 days after randomization in the immediate vaccination group, while there...
1. The ReEBOV Antigen Rapid Test kit, which detects the Ebola virus VP40 matrix protein antigen, had 100% specificity and 92% sensitivity PCR in detecting Ebola virus compared to real-time RT-PCR using point-of-care fingerstick blood samples and whole blood samples.
2. Independent readers scoring results of the ReEBOV rapid diagnostic...