Tag: HIV

1. Empiric systemic treatment for tuberculosis was shown not to be better than test-guided treatment among severely immunosuppressed adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. 2. Systemic treatment for tuberculosis was associated with more grade 3 and 4 drug-related adverse events compared to test-guided treatment. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown:...

1. In this study, though many adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) reported regularly visiting a physician, a much smaller percentage of them reported being tested for HIV or even having conversations with their physician about same-sex behaviors. 2. Simply having a conversation with their physician about HIV...

Long-term impact of an educational antimicrobial stewardship programme in primary care on infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in the community: an interrupted time-series analysis. 1. A multi-modal antimicrobial stewardship program in primary care focused on individual educational interviews may improve antibiotic prescription practices and lead to sustained reductions...

Risk of HIV transmission through condomless sex in serodifferent gay couples with the HIV-positive partner taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (PARTNER): final results of a multicentre, prospective, observational study Early evidence has suggested a strong association between HIV viral load and the risk of transmission to an HIV-negative partner, as well...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rapidly increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in patients affected by HIV. However, the impact of HIV infection on HCC prognosis is unclear. Previous studies have provided both null results and evidence of association between HIV and HCC prognosis, but have been characterized by...

Short-term androgen suppression and radiotherapy versus intermediate-term androgen suppression and radiotherapy, with or without zoledronic acid, in men with locally advanced prostate cancer (TROG 03.04 RADAR): 10-year results from a randomised, phase 3, factorial trial The optimal duration of androgen suppression therapy with radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer is...

1. Allo-HSCT treatment resulted in significant prolonged reduction in HIV-1 viral reservoirs. 2. Mouse models showed adoptive transfer of peripheral CD4+ T cells to immunosuppressed mice resulted in no rebound of the viral load. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Study Rundown: While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been highly successful at reducing...

Efficacy of Vaginal Estradiol or Vaginal Moisturizer vs Placebo for Treating Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Symptoms Although an estimated 40-54% of postmenopausal women report vulvovaginal symptoms, more than half of symptomatic women do not use any medications for their symptoms. There have been few studies on the efficacy of recommended treatments. In...

Somatic Activating KRAS Mutations in Arteriovenous Malformations of the Brain Sporadic arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain are a leading cause of hemorrhagic stroke in children and young adults. While the etiology of these malformations is unclear, similar lesions are found in rare genetic disorders, such as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia....

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Usual Care in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Multiple Daily Insulin Injections: A Randomized Trial Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is a relatively new technology that utilizes a subcutaneously placed sensor to provide readings as often as every 5 minutes. In this randomized controlled trial, CGM...